Republic Day 2022: 26 January marks the effective date of the Indian Constitution in 1950 and is celebrated as Republic Day. On this date, India became a sovereign nation freed from the British monarchy. On the occasion of the 72nd Republic Day, we take a look at some of the highlights of the Indian Constitution.

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The Indian Constitution became the supreme law of the country, replacing the Government of India Act 1935, which was adapted from the British Parliament. After India gained independence from British rule in 1947, the Constituent Assembly of India was elected to make the Constitution of India. It was elected and adopted on November 26, 1949 and entered into force on January 26 of the following year.

The editorial board is chaired by its chairman, Dr. BR Ambedkar, a lawyer, economist and social reformer who works to improve conditions for Dalits in India. KM Munshi, Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer, Muhammad Saadullah, N Madhava Rao and Gopala Swami Ayyangar are the other six committee members. Dr Rajendra Prasad, India’s first president, is the chairman of the editorial board.

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Power separation

The constitution of India draws a distinction in the political power structure of the country between the Center and America. It provides checks and balances between the organs of government, namely the judiciary, executive branch and legislative branch, to prevent the concentration of power in certain branches.

Democracy

The Preamble to the Indian Constitution states that India is a “sovereign secular democratic socialist republic”, with a parliamentary system of government. Six basic rights, namely the right to equality, liberty, the right to resist exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies, are recognized by the Indian Constitution.

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